前面我们说了MySQL的安装配置(并提供一键安装脚本)，MySQL语句使用以及备份恢复MySQL数据；本次要介绍的是MySQL的主从复制，读写分离；及高可用MHA。
环境如下:
master:CentOS7_x64 mysql5.721 172.16.3.175 db1
slave1:CentOS7_x64 mysql5.7.21 172.16.3.235 db2
slave2:CentOS7_x64 mysql5.7.21 172.16.3.235 db3
proxysql/MHA:CentOS7_x64 mysql5.7.21 172.16.3.235 proxysql
架构图:
说明:
配置测试时为了方便关闭了防火墙头,selinux安全策略;
现实中请开放防火墙策略;myslqdb的安装已经有脚本一键安装并配置好;这里就不在重复配置;只对对应的角色贴出对应的配置或安装与之相关的软件;
二、主从复制配置
一台主数据库,N从节点;从节点开启两个线程,通过Slave_IO_Running线程和主节点上有权限的账号从 主数据库节点复制binlog日志到本地,能过Slave_SQL_Running线程在本地执行binlog日志,达到主从节点内容同步;
master配置:
egrep -v '(^$|^#)' /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data1/mysqldb
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
thread_stack = 192K
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_type = 1
symbolic-links=0
innodb_file_per_table=ON
skip_name_resolve=ON
server-id = 1
log_bin = /data1/mysqldb/mysql-bin.log
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/logs/error.log
pid-file=/data1/mysqldb/mysql.pid
!includedir /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf.d
创建从节点同步账号:
mysql > grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'repluser'@'172.16.3.%' identified by 'replpass';
mysql > flush privileges;
mysql >show master logs;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 622 |
主节点上的binlog日志文件及位置;请记下;从节点第一次同步时需要用;
slave节点:
egrep -v '(^$|^#)' /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data1/mysqldb
socket=/data1/mysqldb/mysql.sock
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
thread_stack = 192K
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_limit = 1M
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_type = 1
symbolic-links=0
innodb_file_per_table=ON
skip_name_resolve=ON
server-id = 11 #从节点标识ID 各从节点均不一样
relay_log = relay-log
read_only=ON
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/error.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid
!includedir /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf.d
启动mysq数据库
注意:两台从节点的server-id 值不一样;其他的都一样;因此从节点只展示一个配置文件;
登录数据库并同步数据启动slave
两台slave均要同步并启动
mysql > CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST="172.16.3.175",MASTER_USER="repluser",MASTER_PASSWORD="replpass",MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_LOG_FILE="mysql-bin.000001",MASTER_LOG_POS=622;
mysql > start slave; #启动从节点()
#查看从节点状态
mysql > SHOW SLAVE STATUS;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.3.175 #主节点
Master_User: repluser #同步账号
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 622
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 582
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes #同步线程正常
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #本地写线程正常
Replicate_Do_DB: #同步过滤为空(可以只同步某个或某些库)
Replicate_Ignore_DB: #不同步的库
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0 #最后同步的错误 0表示正常同步
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 622
Relay_Log_Space: 615
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 57017c43-36e3-11e8-ac76-080027393fc7
Master_Info_File: /data1/mysqldb/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
测试主从同步
在master导入测试数据;修改数据并查看slave 中的数据是否一致;