本文实例讲述了PHP反射原理与用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
说到反射，实际上包含两个概念：
- 检视 introspection 判断类、方法是否存在，父子类关系，调用关系等，检视的函数文档
- 反射 Reflection 获取类里的方法、属性，注释等，反射类的文档
PHP官方文档写得很清晰了，下面我就说一下具体的应用。
1.参数检测
有时候需要在函数里需要判断传入的参数类型是否合法。
这时可以使用is_a、is_subclass_of来检测。或者结合反射，做更多检测。
2.动态调用
在依赖注入中，常见到这种用法，比如Laravel5.5中的Container.php
public function build($concrete)
{
// If the concrete type is actually a Closure, we will just execute it and
// hand back the results of the functions, which allows functions to be
// used as resolvers for more fine-tuned resolution of these objects.
if ($concrete instanceof Closure) {
return $concrete($this, $this->getLastParameterOverride());
}
$reflector = new ReflectionClass($concrete);
// If the type is not instantiable, the developer is attempting to resolve
// an abstract type such as an Interface of Abstract Class and there is
// no binding registered for the abstractions so we need to bail out.
if (! $reflector->isInstantiable()) {
return $this->notInstantiable($concrete);
}
$this->buildStack[] = $concrete;
$constructor = $reflector->getConstructor();
// If there are no constructors, that means there are no dependencies then
// we can just resolve the instances of the objects right away, without
// resolving any other types or dependencies out of these containers.
if (is_null($constructor)) {
array_pop($this->buildStack);
return new $concrete;
}
$dependencies = $constructor->getParameters();
// Once we have all the constructor's parameters we can create each of the
// dependency instances and then use the reflection instances to make a
// new instance of this class, injecting the created dependencies in.
$instances = $this->resolveDependencies(
$dependencies
);
array_pop($this->buildStack);
return $reflector->newInstanceArgs($instances);
}
上述代码先判断是否是闭包，如果是，直接返回。不是则通过new ReflectionClass($concrete);
生成反射类的实例，然后获取这个类的构造函数和参数，进行初始化的过程。
注意
反射里一个比较重要的用法invoke
当已知这个类的时候，可以通过构造ReflectionMethod来直接调用，如：
class HelloWorld {
public function sayHelloTo($name) {
return 'Hello ' . $name;
}
}
$reflectionMethod = new ReflectionMethod('HelloWorld', 'sayHelloTo');
echo $reflectionMethod->invoke(new HelloWorld(), 'Mike');
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