如何根据索引叶块里的rowid信息找到对应的数据行

我们知道索引叶块中保存的内容是"被索引的字段值+rowid",我们如何使用这个rowid找到对应的数据行?

###创建测试用表和索引
col segment_name format a40
col object_name format a40
set linesize 80
select table_name,index_name from dba_indexes where table_name='T1123_1';
TABLE_NAME                     INDEX_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
T1123_1                        IND_T1123_1_OBJID


select object_name,object_id from dba_objects where object_name='IND_T1123_1_OBJID';
OBJECT_NAME                               OBJECT_ID
---------------------------------------- ----------
IND_T1123_1_OBJID                             18924


col name format a30
col value format a70
set linesize 120
select name,value from v$diag_info where;
NAME                           VALUE
------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Default Trace File             /u01/app/Oracle/diag/rdbms/mydb/mydb/trace/mydb_ora_6498.trc


###dump索引结构
alter session set events 'immediate trace name treedump level 18924';
branch: 0x1c000bb 29360315 (0: nrow: 19, level: 1)
   leaf: 0x1c000bc 29360316 (-1: nrow: 481 rrow: 481)
   leaf: 0x1c000bd 29360317 (0: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000be 29360318 (1: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000bf 29360319 (2: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000c0 29360320 (3: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000c1 29360321 (4: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000c2 29360322 (5: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000c3 29360323 (6: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000c4 29360324 (7: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000c5 29360325 (8: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
   leaf: 0x1c000c6 29360326 (9: nrow: 455 rrow: 455)
   leaf: 0x1c000c7 29360327 (10: nrow: 448 rrow: 448)
   leaf: 0x1c000c9 29360329 (11: nrow: 448 rrow: 448)
   leaf: 0x1c000ca 29360330 (12: nrow: 448 rrow: 448)
   leaf: 0x1c000cb 29360331 (13: nrow: 448 rrow: 448)
   leaf: 0x1c000cc 29360332 (14: nrow: 448 rrow: 448)
   leaf: 0x1c000cd 29360333 (15: nrow: 448 rrow: 448)
   leaf: 0x1c000ce 29360334 (16: nrow: 448 rrow: 448)
   leaf: 0x1c000cf 29360335 (17: nrow: 438 rrow: 438)
   
选择其中所在的叶子节点block:29360318做dump
select dbms_utility.data_block_address_file(29360318) fileno,dbms_utility.data_block_address_block(29360318) blkno from dual;
    FILENO      BLKNO
---------- ----------
         7        190
         
alter system dump datafile 7 block 190;


###mydb_ora_6498.trc内容
header address 140037440318052=0x7f5d01e2aa64
kdxcolev 0
KDXCOLEV Flags = - - -
kdxcolok 0
kdxcoopc 0x80: opcode=0: iot flags=--- is converted=Y
kdxconco 2
kdxcosdc 0
kdxconro 478
kdxcofbo 992=0x3e0
kdxcofeo 1818=0x71a
kdxcoavs 826
kdxlespl 0
kdxlende 0
kdxlenxt 29360319=0x1c000bf
kdxleprv 29360317=0x1c000bd
kdxledsz 0
kdxlebksz 8032
row#0[8019] flag: ------, lock: 0, len=13
col 0; len 3; (3):  c2 14 18
col 1; len 6; (6):  01 40 00 a5 00 16
row#1[8006] flag: ------, lock: 0, len=13
col 0; len 3; (3):  c2 14 1a
col 1; len 6; (6):  01 40 00 a5 00 18
row#2[7993] flag: ------, lock: 0, len=13
col 0; len 3; (3):  c2 14 1c
col 1; len 6; (6):  01 40 00 a5 00 1a
row#3[7980] flag: ------, lock: 0, len=13
col 0; len 3; (3):  c2 14 1e
col 1; len 6; (6):  01 40 00 a5 00 1c
row#4[7967] flag: ------, lock: 0, len=13
col 0; len 3; (3):  c2 14 20
col 1; len 6; (6):  01 40 00 a5 00 1e
row#5[7954] flag: ------, lock: 0, len=13
col 0; len 3; (3):  c2 14 22
col 1; len 6; (6):  01 40 00 a5 00 20
row#6[7941] flag: ------, lock: 0, len=13
col 0; len 3; (3):  c2 14 24
col 1; len 6; (6):  01 40 00 a5 00 22
。。。省略部分内容


选取其中的row#5,找出键值及对应的rowid
键值是"c2 14 22"、rowid是"01 40 00 a5 00 20"


###键值转换成实际值
select utl_raw.cast_to_number(replace('c2 14 22',' ')) from dual;  
UTL_RAW.CAST_TO_NUMBER(REPLACE('C21422',''))
--------------------------------------------
                                        1933

###从rowid得到relative_fno、block number、row number
"01 40 00 a5 00 20"共6个字节,48bit,转换成二进制是
00000001 01000000 00000000 10100101 00000000 00100000


其中1-10bit代表relative_fno (5)
17-32bit代表block number (165)
33-48bit代表row number (32)


###使用dbms_rowid将object_id=1933这条记录所在行的rowid进行转换,以验证��述结果
select dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) relative_fno,dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) blkno,dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid) row_number from t1123_1 where object_id=1933;
RELATIVE_FNO      BLKNO ROW_NUMBER
------------ ---------- ----------
           5        165         32     <---得到的值与我们上一步计算出的结果一致
                   
alter system dump datafile 5 block 165;
tab 0, row 32, @0xb23
tl: 92 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x0  cc: 14
col  0: [ 3]  53 59 53
col  1: [22]
 56 5f 24 53 54 52 45 41 4d 53 5f 50 4f 4f 4c 5f 41 44 56 49 43 45
col  2: *NULL*
col  3: [ 3]  c2 14 22                 <---和索引leaf block的保存的键值一致
col  4: *NULL*
col  5: [ 4]  56 49 45 57
col  6: [ 7]  78 74 0a 08 11 23 2c
col  7: [ 7]  78 74 0a 08 11 23 2c
col  8: [19]  32 30 31 36 2d 31 30 2d 30 38 3a 31 36 3a 33 34 3a 34 33
col  9: [ 5]  56 41 4c 49 44
col 10: [ 1]  4e
col 11: [ 1]  4e
col 12: [ 1]  4e
col 13: [ 2]  c1 02


需要注意的是索引叶块里的rowid信息,与通过rowid伪列输出的rowid信息格式稍有不同,前者使用的是restricted rowid形式,后者使用的是extended rowid格式,较之restricted rowid增加了object number信息,并且采用了BASE64编码。


可以通过dbms_rowid这个package里的函数在extended rowid与object_id、relative_fno、block_number、row_number之间相互转换:


###extended rowid => object_id、relative_fno、block_number、row_number
SQL> select rowid from t1123_1 where object_id=1933;


ROWID
------------------
AAAEnyAAFAAAAClAAg




set serveroutput on
DECLARE
   v_rowid_type          NUMBER;
   v_OBJECT_NUMBER       NUMBER;
   v_RELATIVE_FNO        NUMBER;
   v_BLOCK_NUMBERE_FNO   NUMBER;
   v_ROW_NUMBER          NUMBER;
BEGIN
   DBMS_ROWID.rowid_info (rowid_in => 'AAAEnyAAFAAAAClAAg',
                 rowid_type      => v_rowid_type,
                 object_number   => v_OBJECT_NUMBER,
                 relative_fno    => v_RELATIVE_FNO,
                 block_number    => v_BLOCK_NUMBERE_FNO,
                 ROW_NUMBER      => v_ROW_NUMBER);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ('ROWID_TYPE:  ' || TO_CHAR (v_rowid_type));
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ('OBJECT_NUMBER:  ' || TO_CHAR (v_OBJECT_NUMBER));
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ('RELATIVE_FNO:  ' || TO_CHAR (v_RELATIVE_FNO));
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ('BLOCK_NUMBER:  ' || TO_CHAR (v_BLOCK_NUMBERE_FNO));
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ('ROW_NUMBER:  ' || TO_CHAR (v_ROW_NUMBER));
END;
/


ROWID_TYPE:  1
OBJECT_NUMBER:  18930   <---注意这里是表t1123_1的object_id
RELATIVE_FNO:  5
BLOCK_NUMBER:  165
ROW_NUMBER:  32


###object_id、relative_fno、block_number、row_number => extended rowid
select DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_CREATE(rowid_type=>1,object_number=>18930,relative_fno=>5,block_number=>165,row_number=>32) from dual;

DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_C
------------------
AAAEnyAAFAAAAClAAg

其实还有一种方法可以佐证extended rowid与restricted rowid之间的关系:
将本例中的extended rowid : AAAEnyAAFAAAAClAAg插入一张空表中,然后dump出数据块
create table t1124_1 (f1 rowid) tablespace st1;


insert into t1124_1 values('AAAEnyAAFAAAAClAAg');


select * from t1124_1;
F1
------------------
AAAEnyAAFAAAAClAAg


select dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) rfno,dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) blkno from t1124_1;


      RFNO      BLKNO
---------- ----------
         7        158


alter system dump datafile 7 block 158;


。。。省略部分内容
block_row_dump:
tab 0, row 0, @0x1f8a
tl: 14 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x1  cc: 1
col  0: [10]  00 00 49 f2 01 40 00 a5 00 20
end_of_block_dump
End dump data blocks tsn: 11 file#: 7 minblk 158 maxblk 158


可以看到标注红色的部分与最初保存在索引叶块里的rowid是一致的(蓝色标注的部分表示object number,在restricted rowid里这部分是没有的)。

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