oracle ora10g> rman target /; //因为controlfile 丢失，不能够连接到rman
oracle ora10g> sqlplus /nolog;
oracle ora10g> connect / as sysdba;
oracle ora10g> shutdown abort;
oracle ora10g> rman target /
rman> startup nomount;
rman> restore controlfile from autabackup;
rman> alter database mount;
rman> restore database;
rman> recover database; //online redolog 不存在
SQL>recover database until cancel; //当redo log丢失，数据库在缺省的方式下，是不容许进行recover操作的,那么如何在这种情况下操作呢
SQL>create pfile from spfile;
vi /u01/product/10.20/dbs/initora10g.ora，在这个文件的最后一行添加
*.allow_resetlogs_corruption='TRUE'; //容许resetlog corruption
SQL>shutdown immediate;
SQL>startup pfile='/u01/product/10.20/dbs/initora10g.ora' mount;
SQL>alter database open resetlogs;
基于时间点的恢复:
run{
set until time "to_date(07/01/02 15:00:00','mm/dd/yy hh24:mi:ss')";
restore database;
recover database;
alter database open resetlogs;
}
ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';
1.startup mount;
2.restore database until time "to_date('2009-7-19 13:19:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')";
3.recover database until time "to_date('2009-7-19 13:19:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')";
4.alter database open resetlogs;
如果有open resetlogs,都是不完整恢复.
基于 SCN的恢复:
1.startup mount;
2.restore database until scn 10000;
3.recover database until scn 10000;
4.alter database open resetlogs;
基于日志序列的恢复:
1.startup mount;
2.restore database until SEQUENCE 100 thread 1; //100是日志序列
3.recover database until SEQUENCE 100 thread 1;
4.alter database open resetlogs;
日志序列查看命令： SQL>select * from v$log;其中有一个sequence字段.resetlogs就会把sequence 置为1
=================================RMAN catalog模式下的备份与恢复=====================
1.创建Catalog所需要的表空间
SQL>create tablespace rman_ts size datafile '/u01/oracle/oradata/ora10g/rmants.dbf' 20M;
2.创建RMAN用户并授权
SQL>create user rman identified by rman default tablespace rman_ts quota unlimited on rman_ts;
SQL>grant recovery_catalog_owner to rman;(grant connect to rman)
查看角色所拥有的权限: select * from dba_sys_privs where grantee='RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER';
(RECOVER_CATALOG_OWNER,CONNECT,RESOURCE)
3.创建恢复目录
oracle>rman catalog rman/rman
RMAN>create catalog tablespace rman_ts;
RMAN>register database;(database是target database)
database registered in recovery catalog
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
RMAN> connect target /;
以后要使用备份和恢复，需要连接到两个数据库中,命令:
oracle>rman target / catalog rman/rman (第一斜杠表示target数据库，catalog表示catalog目录 rman/rman表示catalog用户名和密码)
命令执行后显示：
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 10 15:00:42 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA10G (DBID=3988862108)
connected to recovery catalog database
命令解释:
Report schema Report shema是指在数据库中需找schema
List backup 从control读取信息
Crosscheck backup 看一下backup的文件，检查controlfile中的目录或文件是否真正在磁盘上
Delete backupset 24 24代表backupset 的编号, 既delete目录，也delete你的文件
注意:在做了alter database open resetlogs;会把online redelog file清空，数据文件丢失.所以这个时候要做一个全备份。
resetlogs命令表示一个数据库逻辑生存期的结束和另一个数据库逻辑生存期的开始，每次使用resetlogs命令的时候，SCN不会被重置，不过oracle会重置日志序列号，而且会重置
联机重做日志内容.这样做是为了防止不完全恢复后日志序列会发生冲突（因为现有日志和数据文件间有了时间差）。
Rman 归档文件丢失导致不能备份的，在备份前先执行以下两条命令
crosscheck archivelog all;
delete expired archivelog all;