虽然Ubuntu 18.04可以通过apt安装caffe，但是为了使用最新的代码，还是值得从源码安装一遍的。
安装环境任务：从源码编译安装caffe
安装OpenCV参考Ubuntu 18.04源码编译安装OpenCV 4.0步骤，安装OpenCV。
安装依赖 $ apt install -y libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler $ apt install -y --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev $ apt install -y libatlas-base-dev $ apt install -y libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev 下载源码 $ git clone https://github.com/BVLC/caffe.git $ cd caffe $ cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config 更新代码因为使用OpenCV 4.0的版本，所以有些常量需要更新：
CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE -> cv::ImreadModes::IMREAD_GRAYSCALE CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR -> cv::IMREAD_COLOR替换命令如下：
sed -i 's/CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR/cv::IMREAD_COLOR/g' src/caffe/layers/window_data_layer.cpp sed -i 's/CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR/cv::IMREAD_COLOR/g' src/caffe/util/io.cpp sed -i 's/CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE/cv::ImreadModes::IMREAD_GRAYSCALE/g' src/caffe/util/io.cpp 修改配置为了使用OpenCV 4.0 + CUDA 10 + cuDNN + python 3.6，修改Makefile.config如下：
... USE_CUDNN := 1 ... OPENCV_VERSION := 3 ... CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda-10.0 ... CUDA_ARCH := \ -gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \ -gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \ -gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \ -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \ -gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \ -gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \ -gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61 ... # Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2) PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.6m PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.6m \ /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/numpy/core/include ... WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1 ... INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial /usr/local/cuda/include /usr/local/include/opencv4 LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial 编译caffe $ make -j8 $ make pycaffe一切顺利的话，生成的工具在build/tools目录下。
错误处理如果报错如下：
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so: undefined reference to `TIFFReadDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'解决方案：
$ conda uninstall libtiffLinux公社的RSS地址：https://www.linuxidc.com/rssFeed.aspx